Composition and process of making the same



Patented Mar. 16, 1926.-

UNlTED STATES I 1,577,426 PATENT OFFICE.

ALFONS G. SGH'UBIGHT AND GEORGE T. WRIGHT, 0F ALTON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO WESTERN CARTRIDGE COMPANY, OF EAST ALTON, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COMPOSITION AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

No Drawing. Original application filed February 25, 1924, Serial No. 695,098. Divided and this application filed August 31, 1925. Serial No. 53,734.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALFONS G. SCHU- RIGHT and Gnouon T. WRIGHT, citizens of the United States, and residing at Alton, county of Madison, State of Illinois, have invented the new and useful Improvement in Compositions and Processes of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to compositions, and more particularly to compositions'utilizin or emplo ing polymerizable oils, such as hina-wo oil. This a plication is a division of application Seria Number 695,-

098, filed February 25, 1924.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a composition adapted for varied purposes, and more particularly to provide an efficient binder.

Another object is to provide a olymerized oil, and more particularly China-wood oil adapted for efficient and practical utilization.

Further objects will appear from the detail description in which will be described an illustrative embodiment of this invention; it is to be understood, however, that the invention is susceptible of other embodi ments not specifically described.

In accordance with this invention the basis of the composition is a polymerized oil, such as China-wood oil, Alem'z'tes cordata or E Zoeoocca oernic'iw Generally stated the. oil is prepared by heating the same at a temperature and for a per od suflicient to polymerize the same; or more specifically stated, at a temperature and for a period sufficient to form a elly and quenching the same. Where China-wood oil is used, a definite quantity of the oil has preferably added thereto a definite proportion of a suitable drier, and one that is adapted for this particular purpose is a metallic drier containing about 12% of lead or man anese oxide. Thus lead resinate prepare by fusing together parts of resin and 12 parts of litharge forms a high- 1y satisfactory ,drier for accelerating the final curing. About 4.5% of this metallic drier is added. 4

The polymerizable oil, such as Chinawood oil (preferably with the drier added) is heated to a temperature of about 450 F.

The heating is effected in such a manner that the temperature can be closely controlled and the mass is kept agitated by stlrrlng or otherwise; this is important since 1t is very essential that the temperature be closely regulated and that the mass beuniformly heated. The time required to bring the oil to the required temperature is about one and one-half hours, and after be ng brought to that temperature is maintalned at 450 F. until polymerization has been carried to the desired point. This re-' quires from one to one and one-half hours. During this latter period the .oil gradually thickens and becomes sticky. The final stages of the polymerization are extremely rapid and the process must be closely controlled at this point. The heating is carrled on to a point where the oil solidifies to a jelly-like mass which has a slight tendency to crumble. However, it is still very stickyvand if the action is allowed to proceed beyond this point, the oil becomes dry and very crumbly and loses its adhesive properties, rendering the oil valueless as a binder. Accordingly as soon as the com plete degree of polymerization has been reached, the oil is immediately quenched by dumping it into cold water which stops the reaction at once. The completely polymerized oil is removed from the water when cooled and placed on a screen so as to allow the water to drain from it.

The polymerized China-wood oil so produced is of the consistency: of a jelly and is crumbly, yet sticky. It can be used for various purposes as a binder for various bindable materials. Suitable bindable materials are of granular form and of a cellular organic type, such as ground cork, in the form known to the trade as ground flour, although cork of any other form of granulation may be used; moreoverother bindable materials may be used, such as saw-dust or wood-meal.

The proportions of bindable material to, the polymerized oil, such as China-wood oil,

will vary, depending upon the physical properties desired in the finished product. If it is desired to have a soft flexible article, the percentage of bindable material, such as cork, should be greater than that of the polymerized oil, while for very hard and tough articles, the percentage of oil and cork should be about equal. Good results are obtained with from to 'per centof poly merized China-wood oilandfrom to 50 per cent of cork flour. These percentages and relative proportions may, however, be varied within limitations.

The prepared polymerized oil is mixed with a bindable material in the proper proportions and then mixed and kneaded in any suitable kneading machine, such as of the Werner & Fleiderer type; into such a machine the full guantit of prepared oil and bindable material, such as cork, is weighed. The mixing and kneading is carried on for an extent sufficient to secure thorough incorporation of the prepared oil and bindable material and until no free oil is visible and until the entire mass is crumbly, yet sticky. This time is'usually from-one and one-half to two hours. The mixture is then screened and disintegrated, the disintegration being accomplished in any suitable manner as by passing the mixture between intermeshing pins on a plate and a cylinder so that the mixture is completely disintegrated. There is thus formed a composite mixture of a bindable material and a, olymerized oil, such as Ohina-wood'oil', of the consistency of jelly; this mixture is crumbl yet sufficiently sticky so that the partic es will adhere when the mixture is submitted to ressure in molds or the like to form articles. Various suitable articles may be made of this mixture and the article can either be allowed to cure by exposure to the air, or this curing can be accelerated by heat. For complete curing the temperature should be maintained between 200 and 220 degrees Fahrenheit and one and one-half hours exposure at this temperature will com letely I cure small articles. This curing wil cause the mass to become cemented, for while before curing the mass is friable, after such curing or cementation the mass becomes firm, tough and pliable and the product obtained is a pliable article which is useful for various purposes.

It is obvious that various changes may be made in details without departing from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to the specific details described.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: Y

1. The process consisting in heating China-wood oil at a temperature and fora period sufficient to form a jelly and quenching the-same.

2. The process consisting in heating China-wood oil at a temperature of about 450 F. for about one to one and one-half hours.

3. The process consisting in heating China-wood oil at a temperature of about 450 F. for about one to one and one-half hours and quenching the same.

4. The process consisting in heating China-wood oil at a temperature and for a period suflicient until it has a tendency to crumble and then quenching the same.

5. The process consisting in heating China-wood oil and a drier at a temperature and for a period suflicient to form a jelly and quenchlng the same.

6. Polymerized China-wood oil of the consistency of jelly and crumbl 7. Polymerized China-woo oil of the consistency of jelly and crumbly, et sticky.

In testimony whereof wea x our signatures this 26th day of June, 1925.

ALFONS G. SCHURIOHT. GEORGE T. WRIGHT. 

